E. Part of his explanation for the error was his willingness to capitulate when tired: `I did not ask for any medical history or anything like that . . . over the telephone at three or four o’clock [in the morning] you just say yes to anything’ pnas.1602641113 Interviewee 25. Regardless of sharing these equivalent traits, there have been some differences in error-producing situations. With KBMs, medical doctors were aware of their expertise deficit at the time in the prescribing choice, as opposed to with RBMs, which led them to take one of two pathways: method other people for314 / 78:2 / Br J Clin PharmacolLatent conditionsSteep hierarchical structures inside health-related teams prevented medical doctors from looking for help or indeed receiving adequate enable, highlighting the importance in the prevailing healthcare culture. This varied amongst specialities and accessing tips from seniors appeared to be far more problematic for FY1 trainees working in surgical specialities. Interviewee 22, who worked on a surgical ward, described how, when he approached seniors for assistance to stop a KBM, he felt he was annoying them: `Q: What made you believe which you might be annoying them? A: Er, simply because they’d say, you understand, very first words’d be like, “Hi. Yeah, what is it?” you understand, “I’ve scrubbed.” That’ll be like, kind of, the introduction, it would not be, you understand, “Any problems?” or anything like that . . . it just does not sound quite approachable or friendly around the telephone, you understand. They just sound rather direct and, and that they have been busy, I was inconveniencing them . . .’ Interviewee 22. Medical culture also influenced doctor’s behaviours as they acted in techniques that they felt had been necessary as a way to fit in. When exploring doctors’ causes for their KBMs they discussed how they had selected to not seek tips or information for fear of searching incompetent, in particular when new to a ward. Interviewee two under explained why he didn’t verify the dose of an antibiotic in spite of his uncertainty: `I knew I should’ve looked it up cos I did not definitely know it, but I, I feel I just convinced myself I knew it becauseExploring junior doctors’ prescribing mistakesI felt it was a thing that I should’ve known . . . because it is quite easy to obtain caught up in, in getting, you know, “Oh I am a Doctor now, I know stuff,” and with all the pressure of men and women that are possibly, sort of, slightly bit more senior than you pondering “what’s wrong with him?” ‘ Interviewee 2. This behaviour was described as subsiding with time, suggesting that it was their perception of culture that was the latent condition instead of the actual culture. This interviewee discussed how he at some point discovered that it was acceptable to check information when prescribing: `. . . I discover it rather good when Consultants open the BNF up in the ward rounds. And you assume, properly I’m not supposed to understand each single medication there is certainly, or the dose’ Interviewee 16. Health-related culture also played a part in RBMs, resulting from deference to seniority and unquestioningly following the (incorrect) orders of senior medical doctors or seasoned nursing employees. A fantastic instance of this was given by a medical doctor who felt relieved when a senior colleague came to assist, but then prescribed an antibiotic to which the patient was allergic, despite obtaining currently noted the allergy: `. journal.pone.0169185 . . the Registrar came, reviewed him and mentioned, “No, no we ought to give Tazocin, penicillin.” And, erm, by that stage I’d forgotten that he was DOPS penicillin allergic and I just wrote it around the chart without having thinking. I say wi.E. Part of his explanation for the error was his willingness to capitulate when tired: `I didn’t ask for any health-related history or something like that . . . more than the phone at three or 4 o’clock [in the morning] you simply say yes to anything’ pnas.1602641113 Interviewee 25. Regardless of sharing these equivalent characteristics, there were some differences in error-producing circumstances. With KBMs, physicians had been conscious of their information deficit at the time from the prescribing decision, as opposed to with RBMs, which led them to take certainly one of two pathways: approach other people for314 / 78:two / Br J Clin PharmacolLatent conditionsSteep hierarchical structures inside healthcare teams prevented medical doctors from looking for help or certainly getting adequate enable, highlighting the significance in the prevailing health-related culture. This varied involving specialities and accessing suggestions from seniors appeared to become a lot more problematic for FY1 trainees working in surgical specialities. Interviewee 22, who worked on a surgical ward, described how, when he approached seniors for tips to prevent a KBM, he felt he was annoying them: `Q: What made you feel that you may be annoying them? A: Er, just because they’d say, you realize, initially words’d be like, “Hi. Yeah, what’s it?” you realize, “I’ve scrubbed.” That’ll be like, sort of, the introduction, it would not be, you understand, “Any issues?” or something like that . . . it just doesn’t sound extremely approachable or friendly on the phone, you realize. They just sound rather direct and, and that they have been busy, I was inconveniencing them . . .’ Interviewee 22. Medical culture also influenced doctor’s behaviours as they acted in ways that they felt were required as a way to match in. When exploring doctors’ MedChemExpress L-DOPS factors for their KBMs they discussed how they had selected not to seek guidance or info for fear of seeking incompetent, in particular when new to a ward. Interviewee two under explained why he did not verify the dose of an antibiotic regardless of his uncertainty: `I knew I should’ve looked it up cos I did not truly know it, but I, I feel I just convinced myself I knew it becauseExploring junior doctors’ prescribing mistakesI felt it was one thing that I should’ve identified . . . since it is quite uncomplicated to get caught up in, in becoming, you realize, “Oh I’m a Medical doctor now, I know stuff,” and with all the pressure of persons that are maybe, sort of, somewhat bit extra senior than you considering “what’s wrong with him?” ‘ Interviewee two. This behaviour was described as subsiding with time, suggesting that it was their perception of culture that was the latent condition instead of the actual culture. This interviewee discussed how he sooner or later discovered that it was acceptable to verify data when prescribing: `. . . I uncover it quite good when Consultants open the BNF up inside the ward rounds. And also you think, well I’m not supposed to understand each single medication there is, or the dose’ Interviewee 16. Medical culture also played a function in RBMs, resulting from deference to seniority and unquestioningly following the (incorrect) orders of senior medical doctors or seasoned nursing staff. A good example of this was provided by a medical doctor who felt relieved when a senior colleague came to help, but then prescribed an antibiotic to which the patient was allergic, despite obtaining already noted the allergy: `. journal.pone.0169185 . . the Registrar came, reviewed him and stated, “No, no we need to give Tazocin, penicillin.” And, erm, by that stage I’d forgotten that he was penicillin allergic and I just wrote it on the chart without the need of thinking. I say wi.