Rrera 1 , Judith Esmeralda Urias-Silvas 1 , Antonio Escobedo-Reyes two and Mirna Estarr -Espinosa 1, Centro
Rrera 1 , Judith Esmeralda Urias-Silvas 1 , Antonio Escobedo-Reyes two and Mirna Estarr -Espinosa 1, Centro de Investigaci y Asistencia en Tecnolog y Dise del Estado de Jalisco, A.C., Unidad de Tecnolog Alimentaria, Camino Arenero 1227, El Baj , Zapopan 45019, Mexico; [email protected] (M.B.-B.); [email protected] (G.A.C.-H.); [email protected] (J.E.U.-S.) Centro de Investigaci y Asistencia en Tecnolog y Dise del Estado de Jalisco, A.C., Unidad de Servicios Anal icos y Metrol icos, Av. Normalistas No. 800, Propargite Purity & Documentation Guadalajara 44270, Mexico; [email protected] Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +33-334-552-00 (ext. 1940)Citation: Berm ez-Baz , M.; Castillo-Herrera, G.A.; Urias-Silvas, J.E.; Escobedo-Reyes, A.; Estarr -Espinosa, M. Hunting Bioactive Molecules from the Agave Genus: An Update on Extraction and Biological Prospective. Molecules 2021, 26, 6789. https://doi.org/10.3390/ molecules26226789 Academic Editors: Giuseppe Antonio Malfa, Rosaria Acquaviva and Maria Fernanda Taviano Received: 11 October 2021 Accepted: five November 2021 Published: ten NovemberAbstract: Agaves are plants utilized inside the production of alcoholic beverages and fibers. Ever given that ancient times, pre-Hispanic cultures in Mexico have made use of them in classic medicine to cure distinctive ailments. More than the years, studies from the active principles accountable for the therapeutic added benefits of agaves have improved. Leaves and fibers will be the primary agro-wastes generated in tequila and mezcal production, although fibers would be the main waste item in the textile sector. Diverse investigations have referred for the agro-waste from agave processing as a source of bioactive molecules named secondary metabolites (SM). Amongst them, phenols, flavonoids, phytosterols, and saponins have already been extracted, identified, and isolated from these plants. The role of these molecules in pest manage and the prospect of metabolites using the biological possible to develop novel drugs for chronic and acute illnesses represent new possibilities to add value to these agro-wastes. This Perospirone Technical Information assessment aims to update the biological activities and recent applications on the secondary metabolites of the genus Agave. Search phrases: secondary metabolites; bioactive compounds; agave agro-wastes; biological activity1. Introduction The agaves are perennial plants that use Crassulacean Acid Metabolism (CAM), which enables their adaptation to arid climate ecosystems [1]. The Agave genus will be the largest of nine subgenres with the Asparagaceae household, with 210 species, of which 119 are endemic in Mexico; hence, it’s regarded as the center of diversity of these plants [2,3]. Geographically, it is distributed within an location stretching in the southern Usa to Ecuador [2]. The production of alcoholic beverages for example tequila, mezcal, and bacanora represents the most classic use of these plants [4]. Nevertheless, the high demand for these products has led towards the production of different agro-wastes that contaminate with all the possible of being dangerous for the environment. In between 2015 and 2019, 1.434 billion liters of tequila were created, which developed an estimated 5,168,200 tons of agave leaves in waste. Whilst the mezcal sector reportedly made 27,663,459 liters, no official data relating to agro-waste generation of this beverage exist [5]. Inside the textile industry, getting fibers from Agave lechuguilla Torr. leaves is an vital financial activity in this sector in Mexico. Within Mexico, the states of S.