Lation strength was normalized to the maximum modulation strength for every
Lation strength was normalized to the maximum modulation strength for every cell, to permit the tuning of different cells to be compared additional very easily. The “burst index” (Figs. 4, 8) was computed because the ratio on the mean interspike interval towards the median. Total charge transfer (see Fig. 5D) was computed more than the entire 0 s duration of 3 stimuli (20 ms pulses with 80 ms intervals, 200 ms PubMed ID:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11836068 pulses with 380 ms intervals, and 2 s pulses with 580 ms intervals). In Figure 6B, average normalized EPSC amplitudes had been match to a simple depression model (Abbott et al 997; Tsodyks and Markram, 997; Dayan and Abbott, 200) where amplitude decreases by a aspect f following every single spike then recovers with time constant :otherwise. Rebound magnitude (see Fig. 7B) was computed by comparing the imply membrane I-BRD9 prospective or mean spike rate through the two s following stimulus offset for the membrane prospective or spike price through the two s prior to stimulus onset. The duration on the membrane potential response to a depolarizing present pulse (see Fig. 8) was computed by 1st filtering the membrane prospective at 0 Hz to take away spikes, then computing the duration at halfmaximum on the response following the current stimulus onset. Resting membrane possible (Fig. 8) was computed because the median membrane possible for the duration of epochs without a stimulus.ResultsDiverse response timing and selectivity for stimulation timescales in LNs In nature, odors are typically encountered inside the kind of turbulent plumes, where filaments of odor are interspersed with pockets of clean air (Murlis et al 992; Shraiman and Siggia, 2000; Celani et al 204). Turbulent plumes can include odor concentration fluctuations on a wide array of timescales. The temporal scale of odor fluctuations is determined by airspeed: high airspeeds make brief, closely spaced odor encounters, whereas low airspeeds produce longer, additional extensively spaced odor encounters (Fig. A). To ask how antennal lobe LNs respond to such stimuli, we measured the spiking responses of LNs working with in vivo loosepatch recordings. Odors had been presented towards the fly using a quickly switching valve that permitted fine temporal handle of odor timing (Fig. B). We varied each the pulse duration plus the interpulse interval to make a panel of 8 stimuli obtaining a wide range of timescales (see Materials and Methods). We recorded from a total of 45 LNs in 38 flies utilizing the identical stimulus panel. In all these experiments, we made use of 2heptanone as an odor stimulus, because it activates several kinds of olfactory receptor neurons and impacts spiking in practically all antennal lobe LNs (de Bruyne et al 200; Chou et al 200). We made recordings from three unique genotypes (see Materials and Techniques) but observed no statistically substantial difference in response properties involving genoif s t if s t, A t tt Atf stAt At t .0, A twhere s(t) is a binary vector, sampled with a time step ( t) of ms that takes a value of if a spike occurred within the presynaptic ORN and4330 J. Neurosci April three, 206 36(five):4325Nagel and Wilson Inhibitory Interneuron Population DynamicsAregular spontaneous firing spontaneous rate five. spikessec burst index .bursty spontaneous firing spontaneous price six.2 spikessec burst index 3. sec secBprobability0.Cpreferred interpulse interval (msec)0.02 burst index imply median 0.20 msec pulses 200 msec pulses 02 0 0.5 .five log (burst index)00 200 300 400 500 interspike interval (msec)Figure four. Spontaneous activity correlates with preferred odor pulse repetition rate. A,.