F time. Also, the sizing optimization paradigm may be extended to
F time. Also, the sizing optimization paradigm might be extended to all sustainable sources just like the heat pumps and thermal storage units. Nevertheless, this extension may possibly involve additional detailed numerical models that would dynamically assess operation in the described elements to make sure long-term efficiency. Finally, the effects of distinctive time step lengths plus the introduction of unique new criteria should also be analyzed to supply a holistic view of solutions which can be obtained in the desired choice space.Author Contributions: Conceptualization, M.B. and N.T.; methodology, M.B.; computer software, M.J.; validation, M.J., M.B.; formal evaluation, M.B. and N.T.; investigation, M.J.; sources, M.B. and N.T.; data curation, M.J.; writing–original draft preparation, M.J.; writing–review and editing, M.B. and N.T.; visualization, M.J.; supervision, M.B. and N.T.; project Fmoc-Gly-Gly-OH ADC Linkers suitable modeling of their operation to evaluate the model’s performances. Hence, this section is set to outline the models employed for describing RES behavior. Appendix A.1. Wind Turbine Following the methodology depicted in [34], the energy of a WT is commonly calculated based upon a power curve which outputs the generated power when the wind speed in the hub in the generator is vhub in test situations. Even so, the actual generated power values usually do not exactly match the ones from the test energy curve because they require to become scaled by the installed capacity and adjusted for the distinction in air density. This effect is modeled by test PWT (vhub ) = YWT[W] PWT (vhub ) (A1) 0 exactly where the ratio amongst the air density at the hub and in test circumstances (at sea level and 15 C temperature) might be calculated as = 0 Bzabs 1 – hub Tg RBT0 . T0 – Bzabs hub(A2)Wind speed measurements at heights equivalent to those of turbine hubs are often not readily available, and hence have to be estimated. In accordance with [35], a logarithmic profile is usually used to estimate the wind speed at the hub based on the speed in the anemometer by usingEnergies 2021, 14,27 ofv(zhub ) = v(zanem ) Appendix A.2. Photovoltaic Panelsln(zhub /z0 ) . ln(zanem /z0 )(A3)Modeling the output of a photovoltaic panel is somewhat far more complex that modeling the WT since the output on the panel will depend on a number of diverse aspects. Namely, in line with [36,37], it can be modeled as PPV (k ) = YPV f PV Irradiance is usually calculated as 1 cos GT = ( Gb Gd Ai ) Rb Gd two primarily based on individual elements and exactly where f = G b (k) G (k) (A6) two 1 – cos G g two GT ( k ) T,STC (1 a P ( Tc (k ) – Tc,STC )). G (A4)1 f sin(A5)The angle 0 90determining the slope from the surface with 0representing a horizontal panel and 90a vertical panel. Getting in mind [38], the components of solar irradiation necessary for applying (A4) can either be obtained from a meteorological database or estimate.